• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Fresh produce is loaded into an enclosed trailer (10), and the doors closed. Chilled water is pumped through overhead sprinkler pipes (30) to chill the product to about 167°C. The excess water is drained through a special drain at the bottom of the trailer (10). Liquid nitrogen is used to maintain the trailer (10) cold during transit and storage. Nitrogen tanks within the trailer (10) are filled during the water chill operation. The nitrogen tanks are bled during the filling operation and the bled nitrogen extends through expansion tubes (56) which are located co-axially within the water sprinkler pipes (30) in the ceiling. From there the nitrogen is fed through exhaust pipes along the floor of the transport to purge the product of atmosphere and more particularly to purge it of respiration gases. With the transport unit and method fresh produce can be transported efficiently and safely (Figure 1).
    公开号:SU1321366A3
    申请号:SU823496131
    申请日:1982-09-27
    公开日:1987-06-30
    发明作者:Е.Визел Джордж (Младший)
    申请人:и (72). Джордж Е.Визел, мл.(US)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to refrigeration technology and is associated with the transportation of fresh food by road.
    The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of the device and its efficiency by achieving greater tightness and positioning the expansion pipes for nitrogen coaxially inside the spray hose.
    Figure 1 shows the device with a schematic depiction of parts of the trailer, axonometric; 2, the lower part of the trailer (at the rear) and associated equipment, axonometrics; FIG. 3 shows the upper part of the inner front top of the trailer with equipment, axonometrics; on - the internal volume of the trailer, the design of its floor with the equipment, axonometric; on fig.Z - a zone of a back door, a section; 6 is a top view of the drainage device for water inside the caravan; Fig. 7 shows a water collector with the image of parts showing the U-shaped bend of the expansion pipes, top view; Fig. 8 shows a water collector, a rear view of the section; Fig. 9 shows a section A-A in Fig. 3 (over a water collector); on FIG. - water spray pipes with the image of the direction of nitrogen flow along the coaxially arranged internal expansion pipes
     view from above; FIG. 11 shows a water-spraying pipe, a section through the image of an expansion pipe with nitrogen inside it; on Fig - section BB. in Fig. 11 (the location of the expansion tube with nitrogen inside the water spray; the tube); in fig. 13. The side wall of the trailer, (the structure of the floor and its flooring), section; 14 shows the exhaust pipe, cross section.
    Refrigerated vehicle 1 Depicted as a caravan. The main part of this vehicle is the body 2. The body 2 may be a railway car or a container suitable for loading onto a ship, railway platform, or truck.
    The vehicle body 2 (trailer) in the rear part 3 has wheels 4. The fifth wheel 5 is connected to the front wall 6 of the body 2. The second
    five

    -50
    five
    0
    five
    Q
    the wheel 5 and the wheel 4 form a means for transporting the body 2 from one place to another. Means for transportation can be, for example, railway carriages, skids and lifting lugs.
    The body 2 has side walls 7, Kpbmiy 8 and floor 9. The doors 10 are in doorways in the rear part of the body 2, which is located opposite the Front wall 6. The body 2, which is a container, is equipped with insulation 11 placed in its walls , roof 8, floor 9 and doors x 10.
    Water-spray pipes 12 are installed under the roof. A spray device consisting of ten water-spray pipes 12,. extends from the rear 3 of the body 2 to the front. In the rear part 3 of the body, a wave collector 13 is placed inside it. From the water collector 13 upward through the roof 8 with insulation 11 to the cover 14 located on the top of the trailer, there is a water supply pipe 15. Each of the ten pipes 12 are structurally and with the possibility of providing fluid communication is connected to the water collector 13. The sprinklers 16 are connected to the water pipes 12. When water is pumped into the inlet pipe 15, it flows through the water collector 13 into the pipes 12 and flows through the sprinklers 16, which are Spray holes that fill the trailer body 2 with water or full transport with a product.
    B of the floor 9 in the rear part 3 of the means 1 a spillway device 17 is located. The drain device 17 is a small catchment tank 18 for collecting water. Two discharge pipes 19 are connected to the spillway device 17. The catchment tank 18 is closed with a grill 20 from above. When the pump supplies water to the inlet pipe 15 and sprays it through the sprinklers 16, the water after flooding and cooling the products inside the body 2 will flow into the tank 18 and then discharged through the exhaust pipes 19. All this happens with the doors 10 closed, which have seals 21 to prevent heat transfer in the door zone 10. Cooling the products
    can be produced with minimal thermal losses.
    The water from the discharge pipes 19 is directed to the chute 22 to collect the water.
    located outside the body 2. Water 5 ASC side from the expansion pipe
    then it is taken up by pumps 23 and is again pumped through the water cooler 24 to the spray pipes 12. Normally, the products are cooled to a temperature of 26. The distance between the two ends 33 is approximately equal to the inner diameter of the water pipe 12. Thus, the expansion tubes 26 are held together.
    Tours that above temperature are frozen inside the water pipe 12.
    razhivan. Normally cooled water is very close to freezing and reaches a temperature of about b, 2 ° C. To ensure efficient cooling operation, the water should not exceed 8 ° C. For 5, the design is on the style and floor boards.
    ensuring efficient operation, the volume of water should be at least 1890 l / min. I
    Cylinders 25 suitable for storing liquid nitrogen are placed inside the body 2 near its front wall 6. Inside the water spray pipes 12, the expander may be coaxially positioned to see the main transverse beam 35 forming a substantial part of the structural elements of the body 2. The transverse beams 35 are located above the wooden transverse intermediate elements 36. Between the transverse beam 35 and the intermediate elements 36, as is usually the case in the design of the refrigerated trailer, nitrogen tubes 26. According to the figure 25, the outer coating 37 of the compact structure is located; five are used.
    Call 2. Longitudinal I-beams 38 are installed at the top of the wooden intermediate elements 36. In five points located with the same border 25, the connection 28 communicates at intervals from one another along the expansion pipe 26. One end of each expansion pipe 26 is connected to a liquid collector 27. Bals liquid manifold 27. Each of the expansion pipes 26 enters the end 29 of one of the water pipes 12 near the liquid collector 27. The ends 29 of the water pipe 12 are adjacent to the front wall 6 of the body 2 or are located next to one day The expansion pipe passes through the water pipe 12 to the water collector 13. Each expansion pipe 26 forms inside the water collector 13 P-shaped bend and then extends in the i reverse direction inside the adjacent
    39, rectangular grooves or channels 40 are formed. In these five rectangular grooves or channels, rectangular outlets
    35 pipes 30. On one side of the exhaust pipe 30 there are nozzles 31, which are protected from blocking by foreign particles. Longitudinal beam 38 and floor plates, as well as cross-section
    40, the beam 35 and the intermediate element 36 are designed to hold other weights.
    To the front wall 6 inside the body
    At the end of the tube 12. The expansion tubes are located inside the spray 2 fixed cylinders 41 of the device. The reverse branch is expanded with nitrogen. The present design of the limiting pipe 26 passes through the use of two such water pipe baptans 29 and is then guided to one of the five discharge pipes 30 or channels. JQ
    The outward pipes 30 are located along the floor 9 of the body 2 of the trailer 1 pa, parallel to the water pipes 12, i.e. directed from the front of the autoparts. According to current state regulations, the pressure in them is limited, and they are equipped with an insulating jacket, an evaporating outlet, a cooling means to maintain a low pressure of liquid nitrogen. Through isolation either front
    flail to the back. The outer pipes have walls 6, or one of the side nozzles 31. nok 7 attached to the valve
    Expansion tubes 26 inside the distributor 42, the coaxialline 43 of the filling line 43 are led out to the outside of the drain pipes 12. A part of the connection Io due to the adjusting springs 28 from the cylinders 25 is directed towards the distributor. These adjusting springs are made of round wire, the expansion tube 26 is fastened with a loop of 360 and has an end of 33 each. The distance between the two ends 33 is approximately equal to the inner diameter of the water pipe 12. Thus, the expansion pipes 26 are held by the coac. The outflow pipes 30 have a rectangular cross section. They are located inside the floor 34 of the floor 9 of the means 1. In FIG. 13, illustrating
    You can see the main transverse beam 35, which forms a substantial part of the structural elements of the body 2. Above the transverse beams 35 are wooden transverse intermediate elements 36. Between the transverse beam 35 and intermediate elements 36, as is usually the case at points 39, there are rectangular recesses or channels 40. In these five rectangular depressions or channels, rectangular exhaust
    35 pipes 30. On one side of the exhaust pipe 30, there are nozzles 31 which are protected from being blocked by foreign particles. Longitudinal beam 38 and floor plates, as well as cross-section
    40, the beam 35 and the intermediate element 36 are designed to hold other weights.
    To the front wall 6 inside the body
     2 fixed cylinders 41 with nitrogen. The present construction involves the use of two such baplo JQ
    2 fixed cylinders 41 with nitrogen. The present construction involves the use of two such baps.
    new According to current state regulations, the pressure in them is limited, and they are equipped with an insulating jacket, an evaporating outlet, a cooling means to maintain a low pressure of liquid nitrogen. Through isolation either front
    513213666
    divider 42. Part of the operation is to separate the whitewater from the water inlet pipe 15. Nor is the release of nitrogen from the suction inlet pipe. 15 for the purpose of x-maintenance of a new 41 during the filling operation. Releasing the tightness of the body 2, the closed nitrogen is plugged through the distributor 42, and this connection causes the connection 28 to be introduced into the expander; do not close the outlet pipes 19
    Then liquid nitrogen is discharged from bulgage 41, sent to expansion pipes 26, where liquid nitrogen evaporates, to cool the pipes and support pipes 26.
    During the filling process, about one-third the volume of gas present in the cylinders is released from the cylinders 41. Then it will be chilled O wa body chilled. Release gas. The filling process is carried out by the gas being discharged through the nozzles 31, simultaneously with the water cooling process. Since the expansion pipes 26 are coaxial with the water pipes 12, the water is further cooled by filling the 5–5 tons with gas, which is discharged from the heating pipes 26 with gas “gas 41" during the filling cycle
    The distributor 42 is connected to a temperature controller 44. Upon completion of cooling, the day of the product, the temperature inside the body 2 at the desired level is lifted, the supply of liquid nitrogen is turned off using the regulator 44, thereby stopping the cooling temperatures. This is accomplished by opening valves to release liquid nitrogen into expansion pipes 26 Nitrogen
    under the products, to remove the inhaled gas from them, Normal-atmosphere and inhaled gas from the product.
    After the trailer arrives with the cargo at the destination of the door 10, it will escape the evaporation inside these expansion tubes 26 and cool this zone. After expansion, the nitrogen enters the exhaust pipes 30 and is passed under the products to continue the removal of the gas produced by the products.
    When the doors 10 are closed after loading the products, the seals 21 make the body 2 essentially airtight. However, inside the body 2, leaks or excess gas are deliberately created, allowing extra gas to flow out without creating unwanted high pressures inside the body.
    After that, the means 1 is positioned so that its device 17 for discharging water is above or near the chute 22. From the water cooler 24, connections are made to the water inlet pipe 15 on the top of the body 2. Then, when the water cooler 24 and the pump 23 are operated, the products are washed with water chilling them. In addition, an external source of liquid aeote is introduced through the line
    thirty
    room inside the body 2. Products removed from the body. The flooring 9 of the trailer 1 has a structural strength sufficient to support the other load and to withstand the considerable loads to which they are subjected when transporting the main load.
    权利要求:
    Claims (9)
    [1]
    Invention Formula
    1 "Cooling vehicle., Containing a closed airway- (fi-yf K-i-zs permeable body with front and side with genki, reddish floor, floor, doors for loading cargo, heat insulation, placed in the walls , roof, floor and doors of the body, and so on, about - and - Q a and y with eM; that, in order to increase reliability and efficiency, it is equipped with a water-spray device placed inside the body and attached to its roof having openings for spraying water, a water inlet pipe. communicated with said spraying device body and passing through the insulation to the external surface of the body,
    45
    43 filling. By the appropriate 50 mounted on the body
    adjustment of the distributor 42 nitrogen from the cylinders 41 is released into the expansion pipes 26 and the cylinders 41 are filled.
    After filling the cylinders 41 and after cooling the products, the source with liquid nitrogen is disconnected from the filling line 43, and the water cooler 24
    Your body is chilled. The exhaust gas is discharged through the nozzles 31, the exhaust gas is removed by the gas exhausted from the blenders 41 during the filling cycle to
    under the products, to remove the inhaled gas from them, the Normal-atmosphere and the inhaled gas are purged, the liquid nitrogen is turned off, thereby stopping the cooling
    cooling.
    After the trailer arrives with the cargo at the destination of the door 10, it opens the discharge of water from it, the expansion pipes and the device for supplying them with liquid nitrogen in the form of cylinders with liquid nitrogen, placed inside three bodies, and pipes connected to the cylinders and passage. them inside the spraying device, injection pipes connected to the above-mentioned expansion pipes
    71321366
    to provide fluid communication between them and the body along the floor, and the outlets in the discharge piping to discharge nitrogen from the cylinders to the body. five
    [2]
    2.Vehicle vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the body has rear wheels mounted under it in its rear part, the doors are located in the rear part of the body, and a coupling device, which is connected to the front part of the body, and the said wheels and hitch the device form a means of moving the device.
    [3]
    3. A vehicle according to claim 1, distinguished by the fact that it contains a gas filling device that enters the body from the outside through the insulation and serves to fill 20 cylinders with liquid nitrogen for subsequent release of gas from the cylinders into the expansion tubes.
    [4]
    4. A vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the body is designed as a trailer and includes temperature control means for discharging liquid nitrogen from the tank to the expansion pipes;
    [5]
    5. Vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylinders with liquid nitrogen are fixed in the front part, the body and communicated with the pipeline directed upwards to the manifold, and the expansion pipes 35 are located in the wire loop coaxially and inside the water splash pipes. .
    [6]
    6. The method of processing products, including the placement of products in
    enclosed sealed cooled body in a nitrogen atmosphere, characterized in that, in order to increase reliability, the doorway is closed and, with the body closed, it is pumped from o
    yi teo oh oh no pr st atte atlo
    ni te those art
    yup
    25
    thirty
    five
    ABOUT
    0
    five
    0
    eight
    chilled water at a temperature from 0 ° C to + 2.22 ° C to a spray device with a volume of at least 1,890 liters in 1 minute, spray water from it onto the products simultaneously with filling nitrogen cylinders into expansion pipes, after which the released nitrogen displaces the air from creating an oxygen-free atmosphere, cooling water discharged with nitrogen, sprayed from the spray device, and then releasing nitrogen gas from the injection pipes and cooling the products to an acceptable low temperature.
    [7]
    7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the plant products are placed in an airtight container after loading and washing the products and cooled with cold water at the lowest temperature allowed by the products while simultaneously replacing the air in the container with an oxygen-deprived atmosphere, then storage maintains the atmosphere in the container, deprived of oxygen, and the specified temperature.
    [8]
    8. A method according to claim 6, characterized in that the products of vegetable origin are cooled to a temperature C - (+ 2.22) C by using cold wash water with a temperature O C - (+2.22) ° C.
    [9]
    9. A method according to claim 6, characterized in that the products are cooled to the specified temperature by washing the latter with cooled water in a nitrogen atmosphere deprived of oxygen and maintaining the lowest possible temperature in the products when they are transported in a nitrogen atmosphere.
    five
    0
    29
    Fig.Z
    15
    12
    13
    Srig, 5
    13
    2D
    Uj
    dz.b
    ° 41lL ° IL-Ji .ffl
    /
    3/00
     7 / J
    / J
    26 12
    Fig-A
    1321366
    15
    .//
    shfam ff f fff
    15
    26
    I 3212
    9
    S 27 1.29
    U -12
    Q
    J 15 f5
    Fig.Yu
    6-6
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    S2
    26
    Phage. //
    FIG. f2
    f6
    J7
    Phi. 15
    FIG. /
    Editor A.Dolinich
    Compiled by E. Serdyuk I
    TehredL.Serdyukov Proofreader N. King
    . Order 2671/58 Circulation 598, Subscription
    VNIIPI USSR State Committee
    for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab., 4/5
    Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, ul. Proektna, 4
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP0156401A2|1985-10-02|
    BR8205590A|1983-08-30|
    ES526925A0|1984-12-16|
    ES8501685A1|1984-12-16|
    PH19165A|1986-01-16|
    EP0075913A3|1983-10-05|
    AU8872082A|1983-04-14|
    EG15846A|1986-12-30|
    EP0075913B1|1986-08-06|
    CA1179162A|1984-12-11|
    DE3272461D1|1986-09-11|
    IN161013B|1987-09-12|
    AU557298B2|1986-12-18|
    EP0156401A3|1986-01-15|
    PL139179B1|1986-12-31|
    DD208589A5|1984-04-04|
    ZA826913B|1983-08-31|
    PL238401A1|1983-05-23|
    JPS58117984A|1983-07-13|
    ES8406703A1|1984-08-01|
    NZ202014A|1986-06-11|
    AR229283A1|1983-07-15|
    US4406131A|1983-09-27|
    EP0075913A2|1983-04-06|
    ES515983A0|1984-08-01|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US06/305,952|US4406131A|1981-09-28|1981-09-28|Refrigerated produce transport|
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